Female characters in literature, film, and media represent a diverse range of archetypes and complexities, evolving significantly from traditional stereotypes to multidimensional portrayals. Historically, female characters were often limited to one-dimensional roles like the "good girl" or "bad girl," but modern storytelling increasingly embraces flawed, morally ambiguous, and deeply human women who serve as central protagonists or catalysts in narratives. A widely recognized classification identifies nine primary female archetypes, such as the Amazon/Crusader (e.g., Wonder Woman, Buffy) who embodies independence and strength, and the Father’s Daughter/Librarian (e.g., Hermione Granger) characterized by intelligence and control[1]. These archetypes often have male equivalents and can be portrayed positively or inverted as villains. Contemporary female characters frequently challenge past norms by exhibiting vulnerability, emotional complexity, and moral ambiguity, as seen in characters like Villanelle from *Killing Eve* and Ruth Langmore from *Ozark*. These figures illustrate a shift from perfection to authentic, sometimes gritty humanity, broadening the scope of female representation in media[2]. Strong female characters are defined less by stereotypical traits and more by their agency and impact on the plot—they act as catalysts rather than passive figures. This approach moves beyond simplistic tests like the Bechdel Test by emphasizing narrative influence and depth of character[3]. Moreover, modern portrayals often integrate intersectionality, recognizing how race, class, sexuality, and culture shape women's experiences, thereby avoiding one-dimensional stereotypes and enhancing authenticity[5]. Despite progress, discussions continue about the male gaze and stereotypical tropes like the "Cool Girl," which reflect ongoing challenges in representing women fairly and authentically, particularly when female characters are written predominantly by men[6]. Overall, female characters today are increasingly recognized for their complexity, agency, and relevance, reflecting broader social changes and ongoing efforts to portray women as fully realized individuals in diverse and meaningful ways.